英语倒装结构

③Seldom has he played computer games ever since heentered college. 自从他进入大学，他就很少玩电子游戏。 2－1单项填空 （2012·山东兖州第一次高三检测）In front ofthe house　　　　with a history of 100 years. A.does atall tree stand　　 B.stands a tall tree C.a tall tree is standing　　 D.a tall tree stands 解析：选B。句意：在房子前面有一棵有着100年历史的大树。本题考查倒装句。in front of是表示方位的介词短语，置于句首且句子主语为名词时，句子需要完全倒装，即谓语动词放在主语之前，故选择B项。 名师微博　完全倒装的常见情况： (1)There be...句型。be可用appear，remain，exist，lie，stand等替换。 (2)here，there，now，then等副词置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go，lie，follow等。 (3)表示运动方向的副词in，out，away，up，down，off等副词位于句首。 (4)出于强调或平衡句子结构的考虑，有时常将表语或地点状语（多为介词短语）置于句首形成倒装。 3(教材原句)But I heard him shout，before he drove out of sight，“Merry Christmas to all，and to all a good night.”　但是我听到他在喊，在驶出视线之前，“所有的人圣诞快乐，所有的人晚安！”[句法分析]　heard him shout是“感官动词(see，hear，notice，etc.)＋宾语(名词/代词)＋宾补”结构。其中宾补的具体形式如下： ①I heard her sing an English songjust now. 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。 ②I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.　昨天经过她房间时，我听见她在唱英文歌。 ③I heard the English song sung many times. 我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。 助记 口诀巧记宾补省略to的动词： 宾补省“to ”十一个，一觉二听三个让， 四个“看”要记清楚，“帮助”可有也可无。 如果主动变被动，符号“to”要紧带住。 (feel，hear，listen to，have，let，make，notice，look at，see，watch，help)3－1单项填空 (1)Listen！Do you hear someone______________for help? A．calling　　　　 B．call C．to call D．called 解析：选A。根据listen可判断此处表示听到有人正在喊救命，故用现在分词形式作宾补。 (2)In the dream Peter saw him______________by a fierce wolf，and he woke suddenly with a start. A．chased B．to be chased C．be chased D．having been chased 解析：选A。此处用过去分词作宾补表示被动和动作已完成。 3－2完成句子 (1)They had seen her____________(长大) from childhood. (2)Luoying heard Wangsiyu____________ (说话)Mr.Zhang next office yesterday. (3)While in college，he ___________________________ (经常被看见练习) Kongfu in Shaolin Temple at the weekdays. grow up talkingwith was often seen to practice (4)我看见贼爬墙走了。 _____________________________________ I saw the thief climb the wall. 4(教材原句) So do I．..　我也如此…… [句法分析]　so＋do(be，have，can，will)＋主语：“……也是如此”，用于肯定句，表示同样肯定的看法或做法。 类似句型还有： (1)neither/nor＋do(be，have，can，will)＋主语“……也不如此”，用于否定句，表示同样否定的看法或做法。 (2)so it is/was with sb.＝it is/was the same with sb. “……也是如此”，用于肯定句或否定句，说明两种或两种以上的复杂情况。 ①I was at Central School last year，andso was my friend Bob. 去年，我在中心小学，我的朋友鲍勃也在那儿。 ②If you go abroad，so will I．　如果你出国，我也去。 ③Mary didn’t attend the meeting yesterday，nor/neither did I. 昨天玛丽没有参加会议，我也没有。 ④You don’t like showing yourself off，and neither do I. 你不喜欢炫耀自己，我也不喜欢。 ⑤John likes fish but he doesn’t like meat，so it is with Mary. 约翰喜欢吃鱼但不喜欢吃肉，玛丽也如此。 ⑥John was born in the countryside but he grew up in Beijing，and it was thesame with Mary. 约翰在农村出生，在北京长大的，玛丽也是这样的。 [易混辨析]　so do I，so I do “so＋do(be，have，can，will)＋主语”句型表示“……也是如此”，so放在句首要部分倒装;而“so＋主语＋do(be，have，can，will)”这一句型则表示“……是这样”，是对前文提及的情况给予肯定。 4－1完成句子 (1)—She has finished her homework. —_________________________ (她的弟弟也完成了)． (2)—She can’t play the guitar. —_________________________(我也不会)． (3)Bob does notlike football but he likes music，and_____________ (我也如此)． So has her brother Neither/Nor can I it is with me (4)—She knows little English. —______________________(她的确如此)． So she does 4－2单项填空 —David has made great progress recently. —______________，and____________． A．So he has；so you have B．So he has；so have you C．So has he；so have you D．So has he；so you have 解析：选B。句意：“大卫近来取得了很大的进步。”“他的确如此，你也如此。”so he has“他的确如此”；so have you“你也如此”。本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 * 使……振作精神”，符合题意。replace重新放回，代替；recall回忆起，叫回；rebuild重建。 5vain　 adj.无价值的，无实际意义的；徒劳的，枉然的；自负的，炫耀的 (教材原句)Zhou Jielun’s music is rather vain, abrupt and disturbing. 周杰伦的音乐内容相当空虚，语言支离破碎,让人听了心烦意乱。 归纳拓展 in vain　　　　　徒劳，枉然 ①I was annoyed with his vain talk. 他的空谈使我很生气。 ②Men can be just as vain as women. 男人可能会和女人一样虚荣。 ③We tried in vain to make him change hismind. 我们试图使他改变主意，结果是白费工夫。 5－1完成句子 (1)She is one of those_____________ (自负的人)who never take others’advice. (2)He tried to catch the butterfly on the flower_____________ (徒劳)． vain people in vain 5－2单项填空 The thief broke in，trying to open the safe but______________． A．in vain　　　 B．in effect C．inneed D．in case 解析：选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意：小偷破门而入，试图打开保险箱，结果枉然。in vain意为“徒劳，枉然”，符合题意。ineffect实际上；生效；in need在危难中；在穷困中的；in case以防万一。 6disturbing　adj.令人不安的；使人烦恼的 (教材原句)Zhou Jielun’s music is rather vain, abrupt and disturbing． 周杰伦的音乐内容相当空虚，语言支离破碎,让人听了心烦意乱。 ①It is very disturbing that I heard of your illness. 听说你的病情后，我很不安。 ②Please avoid disturbing me during the day. 白天请不要打扰我。 6－1用disturb及其派生词填空 (1)The mother opened the door quietly so as not to______________the sleeping baby. disturb (2)I was______________to hear that they were getting divorced. (3)There is a____________anxiety among people that inflation will continuously increase. disturbed disturbing 6－2翻译句子 Then came disturbing news that Dolly became seriously ill. ______________________________________ 然后传来令人不安的消息，多利病得很厉害。 7convey　vt.传达，表达；运送，输送；运输 (教材原句)It conveys the poet’s affection for a peaceful night. 它表达了诗人对宁静和平的夜晚的喜爱。 归纳拓展 conveyance n．运送，运输；传达 conveyor n．运送者，传送者 助记 Premier Wen Jiabao conveyed his sorrow for the dead and ordered the necessities should be conveyed immediately to the earthquake-hit areas.　温家宝总理向死者表示哀悼，并命令立即把必需品运送到地震灾区。 ①Please convey my thanks to your wife.　请向你的妻子转达我的谢意。 ②A bus conveys passengers from the train to the boat. 一辆公共汽车把旅客从火车站送到码头。 ③Words fail to convey my meaning.　这些话没能够表达我的意思。 7－1单项填空As we know，language is oneof the significant means for mankind to______________thoughts and feelings. A．carry　　　 B．convey C．deliver D．transport 解析：选B.convey传递,表达(想法，感情等)，符合句意。carry搬，扛；deliver递送(包裹、信件等)；transport(用交通工具)运送，运输. 7－2完成句子 (1)Please__________________________ (把这消息传达给)everyone. (2)Pipes_________________________ (输送燃气至)every family from the power plant. convey the news to convey gas to 8far from 　远非；完全不；远离 (教材原句)It conveysthe poet’s sadness at being far from his home and family.　它传达了诗人远离家乡和家人的悲伤。 归纳拓展 as/so faras　远到；至于，就……而言 so far　迄今为止，到目前为止 as far as sb./sth.is concerned　就某人/物而言 byfar　更加，最(用于比较级和最高级)　 ①Far from helping the situation，you’ve just made it worse. 你非但对这种情况没有帮助，反而弄得更糟.②Jack walked in，looking far from happy. 杰克走了进来，看上去一点也不高兴。 ③It’s too bad that you can’t go as far as Ottawa，Canada’s capital. 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。 ④As/So far as I know，he will be away for two months. 就我所知，他将离开两个月。 ⑤You are the tallest by far in your class.　你是你班个子最高的。 ⑥As far as I’m concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，the more equippedfor life you are. 就我而言，教育就是学习，你学的越多，你就对生活准备的越充分 8－1用far的短语填空 (1)I have had no reply from her　　　. (2)You can，when the sky is clear， see　　　　the old temple on top of the mountain，but not today. (3)I can’t do this work because it is　　　　easy. so far as far as far from 8－2单项填空 —Are you finishing your task？ —　　　　Ｗ.We need no less than three hours more. A.Far from it　　　 B.ExactlyC.Not a little D.No wonder 解析：选A。句意“快完成你们的任务了吗？” “早着呢，至少还需要3个小时。”far from it“远非如此”，符合题意。exactly正是如此，一点不错；not a little许多的；很，十分；no wonder难怪。 名师微博　 far from可与名词，代词，动名词和形容词搭配。 句型巧析 1(教材原句)Head bent，in homesickness I am drowned.　低头思故乡。 [句法分析]　本句中head bent是独立主格结构，head与bend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。该独立主格结构为“名词＋过去分词”形式. 独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明 时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。 形式为：(1)名词/主格代词＋名词(代词)/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语; (2)There/It being ＋名词(代词)。 特点为：(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 (2)名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。(3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 ①Weather permitting，we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，我们明天去看你。 ②The test finished，we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始了我们的假期。 ③He came into the room，his nose red with cold. 他进了房间，鼻子冻得通红。 ④The exam to be held tomorrow，I can’t go to the cinema tonight.考试明天举行，今晚我不能去看电影了。 ⑤Two hundred people died in the accident，many of them children. 两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。 1－1单项填空(1)(2011·高考浙江卷)Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures，some______________a life span of around 20 years. A．having　B．had　C．have　D．to have 解析：选A。独立主格结构some having a life...作状语，having的逻辑主语是前面的some。D项时态有误。 (2)When the mother returned from outside three years later，her son，______________at her，his eyes ______________with tears，finally cried out the words______________in his heart for long. A．looked；filled；hiding　　　 B．looking；filled；hidden C．looking；filling；hiding　 D．looked；filling；hidden 解析：选B。her son与look at是主谓关系，故第一空用现在分词作伴随状语；his eyes与fill是动宾关
系，故第二空用fille
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